Out of the blue about a week ago, I began having issues in my Development environment that I suspect may be related to some sort of server patching. When attempting to create a new document that has a TBO that attaches a lifecycle, the document creation fails with the following popup error:

I looked at the permissions on that directory and they look fine. I can see in the log that the TBO does fail on the attach step. I've reinstalled the lifecycles, but that didn't help.
At this point I'm only having this issue in Development, not Test or Production, but my fear is that whatever happened in Dev is going to eventually happen in the other environments and I'd like to be ready with a solution.
Any suggestions?